Psychiatric illnesses like schizophrenia have long been understood as disorders of brain circuitry — but a growing body of evidence points to the immune system as a key player in shaping those circuits. The Kalinowski Laboratory works at this intersection, asking how immune processes influence the synapse in health and disease.

Combining molecular biology, protein science, and advanced quantitative methods, our work spans from bench to bedside — always aimed at understanding the biology behind our patients’ experiences.

Featured project

Immune cells & synaptic density

We are investigating the relationship between specific immune cell populations — including neutrophils, classical monocytes, plasma cells, and T cells — and synaptic density in schizophrenia. Using rigorous statistical approaches that account for factors such as age and genetic risk (e.g., C4A), we compare patients and controls to identify immune signatures associated with synaptic changes.

Our analyses emphasize methodological rigor — including sensitivity testing, influence checks, and careful correction for multiple comparisons — to ensure findings are robust and reproducible.

Neutrophils Classical monocytes Plasma cells T cells C4A genetic risk Sensitivity analysis Multiple-comparison correction
Immunofluorescence imaging of immune cells used to study synaptic density in schizophrenia.
Immune cell populations under study in relation to synaptic density.
Our approach

From molecules to meaning

1

Molecular & protein science

Characterizing the biological players at the neuroimmune interface.

2

Clinical research

Grounding our questions in real patient populations.

3

Quantitative rigor

Advanced statistical modeling, sensitivity analyses, and reproducible methods.

4

Translation

Connecting mechanism to meaning for patients with serious mental illness.

Why it matters

Understanding the synapse could change care

Understanding how the immune system shapes the synapse could reveal new biological targets — and new ways of thinking about conditions that have too long resisted explanation. For our patients, that understanding is the first step toward better care.