/* =========================================================================
   Kalinowski Laboratory — design system (v2: editorial / airy)

   Type:    Fraunces (warm academic serif, display) + Inter (clean sans, body)
            Both SELF-HOSTED as variable woff2 (assets/fonts/). No CDN, no build.
   Palette: Stanford cardinal #8C1515 (identity/CTA, used sparingly)
            Neural indigo #3D4EA3 / deep #2A2F6B (links & accents)
            Off-white #FAFAF8 · ink #1A1A1A · warm grays
   ========================================================================= */

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ self-hosted fonts
   Variable fonts: one file per family covers the full weight range (Latin subset).
   font-display:swap keeps text visible while the font loads. */
@font-face {
    font-family: "Fraunces";
    font-style: normal;
    font-weight: 300 700;
    font-display: swap;
    src: url("../fonts/fraunces-latin-var.woff2") format("woff2");
    unicode-range: U+0000-00FF, U+0131, U+0152-0153, U+02BB-02BC, U+02C6, U+02DA, U+02DC, U+2000-206F, U+2074, U+20AC, U+2122, U+2191, U+2193, U+2212, U+2215, U+FEFF, U+FFFD;
}
@font-face {
    font-family: "Fraunces";
    font-style: italic;
    font-weight: 300 700;
    font-display: swap;
    src: url("../fonts/fraunces-italic-latin-var.woff2") format("woff2");
    unicode-range: U+0000-00FF, U+0131, U+0152-0153, U+02BB-02BC, U+02C6, U+02DA, U+02DC, U+2000-206F, U+2074, U+20AC, U+2122, U+2191, U+2193, U+2212, U+2215, U+FEFF, U+FFFD;
}
@font-face {
    font-family: "Inter";
    font-style: normal;
    font-weight: 100 900;
    font-display: swap;
    src: url("../fonts/inter-latin-var.woff2") format("woff2");
    unicode-range: U+0000-00FF, U+0131, U+0152-0153, U+02BB-02BC, U+02C6, U+02DA, U+02DC, U+2000-206F, U+2074, U+20AC, U+2122, U+2191, U+2193, U+2212, U+2215, U+FEFF, U+FFFD;
}

:root {
    /* Brand */
    --cardinal:        #8C1515;
    --cardinal-dark:   #6f0f0f;
    --indigo:          #3D4EA3;
    --indigo-deep:     #2A2F6B;
    --indigo-soft:     #edeff6;

    /* Neutrals (warm) */
    --bg:         #FAFAF8;
    --ink:        #1A1A1A;
    --ink-soft:   #4f4b45;
    --ink-faint:  #7b756b;
    --line:       #e7e3da;
    --line-soft:  #efece5;
    --paper:      #ffffff;
    --paper-warm: #f5f2eb;

    /* System */
    --radius:    16px;
    --radius-sm: 10px;
    --shadow-sm: 0 1px 2px rgba(26,26,26,.03), 0 6px 20px rgba(26,26,26,.04);
    --shadow-md: 0 10px 34px rgba(26,26,26,.07);
    --shadow-lg: 0 24px 70px rgba(26,26,26,.10);
    --container: 1200px;
    --measure:   66ch;
    --ease:      cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1);

    --font-display: "Fraunces", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
    --font-body: "Inter", system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;

    /* Stanford brand (global footer / identity bar) */
    --stanford-cardinal:   #8C1515;
    --stanford-black-90:   #2E2D29;
    --stanford-footer-text:#F4F4F4;
    --stanford-identity-height: 30px;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- reset */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
* { margin: 0; }

html { scroll-behavior: smooth; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }

body {
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    color: var(--ink);
    background: var(--bg);
    line-height: 1.75;
    font-size: 1.0625rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    min-height: 100vh;
}

img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }

a { color: var(--indigo-deep); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; transition: color .15s var(--ease); }
a:hover { color: var(--indigo); }
a:not([class]) { text-decoration: underline; }
.primary-nav a, .btn, .brand, .card--link, .stanford-identity-bar__link, .stanford-global-footer__logo { text-decoration: none; }

h1, h2, h3, h4 {
    font-family: var(--font-display);
    line-height: 1.14;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--ink);
    letter-spacing: -0.015em;
}

p { text-wrap: pretty; }

.container { width: 100%; max-width: var(--container); margin-inline: auto; padding-inline: 1.75rem; }

.skip-link {
    position: absolute; left: -999px; top: 0; z-index: 100;
    background: var(--cardinal); color: #fff; padding: .75rem 1rem; border-radius: 0 0 var(--radius-sm) 0;
}
.skip-link:focus { left: 0; color: #fff; }

.sr-only {
    position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px;
    overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- Stanford Identity Bar */
.stanford-identity-bar {
    height: var(--stanford-identity-height);
    background: var(--stanford-cardinal);
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, .12);
}
.stanford-identity-bar__inner {
    height: var(--stanford-identity-height);
    display: flex; align-items: center;
}
.stanford-identity-bar__link { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; line-height: 0; }
.stanford-identity-bar__logo { height: 17px; width: auto; display: block; }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- Stanford Global Footer */
.stanford-global-footer {
    background: var(--stanford-black-90);
    color: var(--stanford-footer-text);
    padding-block: 2rem 1.25rem;
    font-size: .95rem;
}
.stanford-global-footer a {
    color: var(--stanford-footer-text);
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-underline-offset: 2px;
}
.stanford-global-footer a:hover,
.stanford-global-footer a:focus-visible { color: #fff; }
.stanford-global-footer__inner {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
    gap: 2rem 3rem;
    align-items: start;
    padding-bottom: 1.25rem;
}
.stanford-global-footer__logo { display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-decoration: none; }
.stanford-global-footer__logo img { height: 44px; width: auto; display: block; }
.stanford-global-footer__nav { display: grid; gap: 1rem; }
.stanford-global-footer__links {
    list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0;
    display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .65rem 1.75rem;
}
.stanford-global-footer__links--legal { font-size: .88rem; }
.stanford-global-footer__copyright {
    margin: 0; padding-top: 1rem;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, .12);
    font-size: .85rem; color: rgba(244, 244, 244, .85);
}

:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid var(--indigo); outline-offset: 2px; border-radius: 4px; }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- header */
.site-header {
    position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 50;
    background: rgba(250,250,248,.82);
    backdrop-filter: saturate(1.15) blur(12px);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
}
.site-header__inner {
    display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 1rem; min-height: 84px;
}
.brand { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; }
.brand__logo { width: auto; height: 48px; }

.primary-nav ul { list-style: none; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .15rem; padding: 0; }
.primary-nav a {
    display: inline-block; color: var(--ink-soft); font-weight: 500;
    padding: .5rem .85rem; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); font-size: .95rem;
    letter-spacing: .005em;
    transition: color .15s var(--ease), background .15s var(--ease);
}
.primary-nav a:hover { color: var(--cardinal); background: rgba(140,21,21,.05); text-decoration: none; }
.primary-nav a.is-active { color: var(--cardinal); }
.primary-nav a.is-active::after {
    content: ""; display: block; height: 2px; border-radius: 2px;
    background: var(--cardinal); margin-top: 4px;
}
.primary-nav a.nav-cta {
    color: #fff; background: var(--cardinal); margin-left: .5rem;
    padding-inline: 1.05rem; font-weight: 600;
}
.primary-nav a.nav-cta:hover { color: #fff; background: var(--cardinal-dark); }
.primary-nav a.nav-cta.is-active { color: #fff; }
.primary-nav a.nav-cta.is-active::after { display: none; }

.nav-toggle {
    display: none; flex-direction: column; gap: 5px; justify-content: center;
    width: 46px; height: 46px; background: none; border: 1px solid var(--line);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm); cursor: pointer;
}
.nav-toggle__bar { display: block; height: 2px; width: 22px; margin-inline: auto; background: var(--ink); transition: transform .2s var(--ease), opacity .2s var(--ease); }
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .nav-toggle__bar:nth-child(1) { transform: translateY(7px) rotate(45deg); }
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .nav-toggle__bar:nth-child(2) { opacity: 0; }
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .nav-toggle__bar:nth-child(3) { transform: translateY(-7px) rotate(-45deg); }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- layout / rhythm */
main { display: block; flex: 1 0 auto; }
.section { padding-block: clamp(3rem, 6vw, 5rem); }
.section--tight { padding-block: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem); }
.section--warm { background: var(--paper-warm); }
.section--cool { background: var(--indigo-soft); }

.eyebrow {
    font-family: var(--font-body); font-weight: 600; font-size: .74rem;
    letter-spacing: .16em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--cardinal);
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .6rem;
}
.eyebrow::before { content: ""; width: 26px; height: 2px; background: var(--cardinal); border-radius: 2px; }

.section-head { max-width: 60ch; margin-bottom: clamp(1.75rem, 3.5vw, 2.75rem); }
.section-head h2 { font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 3.6vw, 2.9rem); margin-top: .85rem; }
.section-head p { color: var(--ink-soft); font-size: 1.15rem; margin-top: 1.1rem; }

.lead { font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 2vw, 1.42rem); color: var(--ink-soft); line-height: 1.65; font-weight: 400; }

.prose { max-width: var(--measure); }
.prose p + p { margin-top: 1.35rem; }
.prose p { color: var(--ink-soft); }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- buttons */
.btn {
    --btn-bg: var(--cardinal); --btn-fg: #fff;
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .6rem;
    background: var(--btn-bg); color: var(--btn-fg);
    font-family: var(--font-body); font-weight: 600; font-size: 1rem;
    padding: .85rem 1.5rem; border-radius: 999px; border: 1px solid transparent;
    cursor: pointer; transition: transform .15s var(--ease), box-shadow .2s var(--ease), background .15s var(--ease);
}
.btn:hover { color: #fff; background: var(--cardinal-dark); transform: translateY(-1px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); text-decoration: none; }
.btn--ghost { --btn-bg: transparent; --btn-fg: var(--indigo-deep); border-color: var(--line); }
.btn--ghost:hover { background: var(--paper-warm); color: var(--indigo-deep); }
.btn--indigo { --btn-bg: var(--indigo); }
.btn--indigo:hover { background: var(--indigo-deep); color: #fff; }
.btn__arrow { transition: transform .2s var(--ease); }
.btn:hover .btn__arrow { transform: translateX(3px); }

.btn-row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem; margin-top: 2.25rem; }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- hero */
.hero {
    position: relative; overflow: hidden;
    background: var(--bg);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
}
.hero::before {
    content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0; z-index: 0; pointer-events: none;
    background:
        radial-gradient(1100px 520px at 88% -12%, rgba(61,78,163,.09), transparent 62%),
        radial-gradient(820px 480px at -6% 18%, rgba(140,21,21,.055), transparent 58%);
}
.hero__inner { position: relative; z-index: 1; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.1fr .9fr; gap: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 4.5rem); align-items: center; padding-block: clamp(3rem, 6.5vw, 5.5rem); }
.hero__title { font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 5.2vw, 4rem); line-height: 1.06; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -0.02em; }
.hero__title .accent { color: var(--cardinal); font-style: italic; }
.hero__lead { margin-top: 1.75rem; max-width: 52ch; }
.hero__tag { display: inline-block; margin-bottom: 1.4rem; }

.hero__figure {
    position: relative;
    display: grid; place-items: center;
    background: transparent; border: none; box-shadow: none; padding: 0;
}
.hero__figure svg { width: 100%; height: 100%; }
.hero__figure img { width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; object-fit: contain; }

/* trust strip */
.stat-strip { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: clamp(1.5rem, 4vw, 3rem); }
.stat { padding: .5rem 0; }
.stat__num { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 500; color: var(--cardinal); line-height: 1.15; }
.stat__label { color: var(--ink-faint); font-size: .98rem; margin-top: .5rem; line-height: 1.55; }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- cards */
.grid { display: grid; gap: clamp(1.25rem, 3vw, 2rem); }
.grid--2 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
.grid--3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
.grid--4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }

.card {
    background: var(--paper); border: 1px solid var(--line-soft); border-radius: var(--radius);
    padding: clamp(1.6rem, 3vw, 2.1rem); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: transform .2s var(--ease), box-shadow .2s var(--ease), border-color .2s var(--ease);
}
.card--link { color: inherit; }
.card--link:hover { transform: translateY(-3px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); border-color: var(--line); text-decoration: none; }
.card h3 { font-size: 1.35rem; margin-bottom: .6rem; }
.card p { color: var(--ink-soft); font-size: 1rem; }
.card__status {
    display: inline-block;
    margin: 0 0 .65rem;
    padding: .25rem .65rem;
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: var(--paper-warm);
    border: 1px solid var(--line);
    color: var(--ink-soft);
    font-size: .82rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: .02em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}
.give-steps {
    max-width: 70ch;
    padding-left: 1.25rem;
    display: grid;
    gap: .85rem;
}
.give-steps li { padding-left: .35rem; }
.card__icon {
    width: 46px; height: 46px; border-radius: 12px; display: grid; place-items: center;
    background: var(--indigo-soft); color: var(--indigo-deep); margin-bottom: 1.15rem;
}
.card__cta { margin-top: 1rem; font-weight: 500; }
.card__cta-row { margin-top: 1.25rem; }
.btn--sm { font-size: .92rem; padding: .65rem 1.15rem; }

/* numbered value cards */
.value-card { position: relative; padding-left: 1.75rem; }
.value-card::before {
    content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; top: .35rem; bottom: .35rem; width: 3px;
    border-radius: 4px; background: linear-gradient(var(--cardinal), var(--indigo));
}
.value-card h3 { font-size: 1.3rem; }
.value-card p { color: var(--ink-soft); margin-top: .5rem; }

/* feature / callout */
.feature {
    display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3.5rem); align-items: center;
    background: var(--paper); border: 1px solid var(--line-soft); border-radius: var(--radius);
    padding: clamp(1.75rem, 4vw, 3.25rem); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.feature--indigo { background: linear-gradient(155deg, var(--indigo-soft), #fff 70%); border-color: rgba(61,78,163,.14); }
.tag-list { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .55rem; margin-top: 1.5rem; }
.tag {
    font-size: .85rem; font-weight: 500; color: var(--indigo-deep);
    background: var(--indigo-soft); border: 1px solid rgba(61,78,163,.16);
    padding: .32rem .8rem; border-radius: 999px;
}
a.tag:hover { background: #fff; text-decoration: none; }
.feature__figure { margin: 0; }
.feature__figure img {
    width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; border-radius: 20px;
    border: 1px solid var(--line-soft); box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}
.feature__figure figcaption {
    color: var(--ink-faint); font-size: .9rem; margin-top: .8rem; text-align: center; line-height: 1.5;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- people */
.person-grid { display: grid; gap: clamp(1.25rem, 3vw, 2rem); }
.person-grid:not(.person-grid--solo) { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
.person-grid--solo { max-width: 52rem; }
.person-grid--solo .person {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    align-items: flex-start;
}
.person-grid--solo .person__avatar {
    flex: 0 0 17rem;
    width: 17rem;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}
.person-grid--solo .person__body { flex: 1; min-width: 0; }
.person { text-align: left; }
.person__avatar {
    width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 1/1; border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden;
    background: linear-gradient(150deg, var(--cardinal), var(--indigo-deep));
    display: grid; place-items: center; color: #fff; margin-bottom: 1.15rem;
}
.person__avatar img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.person__monogram { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 2.6rem; font-weight: 500; }
.person__name { font-size: 1.3rem; }
.person__role { color: var(--cardinal); font-weight: 600; font-size: .92rem; margin-top: .2rem; letter-spacing: .01em; }
.person__bio { color: var(--ink-soft); font-size: 1rem; margin-top: .85rem; }
.person__links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem; margin-top: 1rem; font-size: .92rem; font-weight: 500; }

.group-heading { margin: clamp(3rem, 6vw, 4.5rem) 0 1.75rem; padding-bottom: .75rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.group-heading:first-of-type { margin-top: 0; }
.group-heading h2 { font-size: 1.55rem; font-weight: 500; }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- publications */
.pub-list { list-style: none; padding: 0; display: grid; gap: 1.15rem; }
.pub {
    background: var(--paper); border: 1px solid var(--line-soft); border-radius: var(--radius);
    padding: 1.6rem 1.85rem; display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto 1fr; gap: 1.5rem; align-items: start;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.pub__year { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 1.7rem; font-weight: 500; color: var(--indigo); line-height: 1; padding-top: .15rem; }
.pub__title { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.3; }
.pub__authors { color: var(--ink-faint); font-size: .95rem; margin-top: .35rem; }
.pub__venue { color: var(--ink-soft); font-style: italic; font-size: .95rem; margin-top: .2rem; }
.pub__note { color: var(--ink-faint); font-size: .92rem; margin-top: .45rem; line-height: 1.5; }
.pub-section + .pub-section { margin-top: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 3.5rem); }
.pub-section__title {
    font-family: var(--font-display);
    font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.5vw, 1.75rem);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    padding-bottom: .65rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.pub--featured { border-color: rgba(140,21,21,.22); background: linear-gradient(155deg, var(--paper-warm), #fff 72%); }
.pub__badge {
    display: inline-block; font-size: .7rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--cardinal); background: rgba(140,21,21,.07); padding: .22rem .6rem; border-radius: 999px; margin-bottom: .5rem;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- forms */
.form-card {
    background: var(--paper); border: 1px solid var(--line-soft); border-radius: var(--radius);
    padding: clamp(1.75rem, 4vw, 2.75rem); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.field { margin-bottom: 1.35rem; }
.field label { display: block; font-weight: 600; font-size: .95rem; margin-bottom: .45rem; }
.field .req { color: var(--cardinal); }
.field input, .field textarea, .field select {
    width: 100%; font: inherit; color: var(--ink);
    padding: .8rem .95rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    background: var(--bg); transition: border-color .15s var(--ease), box-shadow .15s var(--ease), background .15s var(--ease);
}
.field input:focus, .field textarea:focus, .field select:focus {
    outline: none; border-color: var(--indigo); background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(61,78,163,.15);
}
.field textarea { resize: vertical; min-height: 150px; }
.field__hint { color: var(--ink-faint); font-size: .88rem; margin-top: .4rem; }
.honeypot { position: absolute; left: -9999px; opacity: 0; height: 0; overflow: hidden; }

.alert { border-radius: var(--radius-sm); padding: 1rem 1.2rem; margin-bottom: 1.75rem; font-size: .98rem; }
.alert--success { background: #eaf6ee; border: 1px solid #b6e0c4; color: #1e5b34; }
.alert--error { background: #fdecec; border: 1px solid #f2c2c2; color: #8c1515; }
.alert--info { background: #eef4fb; border: 1px solid #c5d9f2; color: #1e4677; }
.alert ul { margin: .45rem 0 0; padding-left: 1.2rem; }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- contact (email-only) */
.contact-panel {
    max-width: 42rem;
    margin-inline: auto;
}
.contact-panel__details { margin-top: 1.75rem; }
.contact-panel__title {
    font-family: var(--font-display);
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-top: .6rem;
}
.contact-panel .prose + .prose { margin-top: 1rem; }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- CTA band */
.cta-band {
    position: relative; overflow: hidden;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--cardinal-dark), var(--cardinal) 48%, var(--indigo-deep));
    color: #fff; border-radius: var(--radius); padding: clamp(2.25rem, 5vw, 3.75rem);
    display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; gap: 1.75rem 3rem; align-items: center;
}
.cta-band::after {
    content: ""; position: absolute; right: -70px; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%);
    width: 300px; height: 300px; opacity: .09; pointer-events: none;
    background: url("../img/logo-symbol-t.png") no-repeat center / contain;
    filter: brightness(0) invert(1);
}
.cta-band > * { position: relative; z-index: 1; }
.cta-band h2 { color: #fff; font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 3vw, 2.2rem); font-weight: 500; }
.cta-band p { color: rgba(255,255,255,.88); margin-top: .65rem; max-width: 52ch; }
.cta-band .btn { background: #fff; color: var(--cardinal); }
.cta-band .btn:hover { background: #fff; color: var(--cardinal-dark); }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- page header */
.page-header {
    position: relative; overflow: hidden;
    background: var(--paper-warm);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
    padding-block: clamp(2.25rem, 5vw, 3.75rem);
}
.page-header::before {
    content: ""; position: absolute; right: -40px; top: -30px; bottom: -30px; width: 460px;
    opacity: .08; pointer-events: none;
    background: url("../img/logo-symbol-t.png") no-repeat right center / contain;
    filter: grayscale(1);
}
.page-header .container { position: relative; z-index: 1; }
.page-header h1 { font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 4.8vw, 3.4rem); font-weight: 500; margin-top: .75rem; }
.page-header p { color: var(--ink-soft); font-size: 1.2rem; max-width: 70ch; margin-top: 1.1rem; line-height: 1.6; }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- footer (local lab footer — sits directly above Stanford Global Footer) */
.site-footer {
    background: var(--paper-warm);
    color: var(--ink-soft);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
    padding-block: 1.15rem;
    margin-top: auto;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    font-size: .92rem;
}
.site-footer a { color: var(--ink); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 2px; }
.site-footer a:hover { color: var(--indigo-deep); }
.site-footer__inner {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: baseline;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: .75rem 1.5rem;
}
.site-footer__lab { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: baseline; gap: .35rem .75rem; }
.site-footer__name { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 1.05rem; font-weight: 500; color: var(--ink); }
.site-footer__inst { color: var(--ink-faint); font-size: .92rem; }
.site-footer__meta {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: baseline;
    gap: .35rem .65rem;
    color: var(--ink-faint);
}
.site-footer__sep { color: var(--line); user-select: none; }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- utilities */
.mt-0 { margin-top: 0; }
.text-center { text-align: center; }
.divider { height: 1px; background: var(--line); border: 0; margin-block: clamp(2.5rem,6vw,4rem); }

/* reveal-on-scroll (progressive enhancement; visible by default without JS) */
.reveal { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(16px); transition: opacity .7s var(--ease), transform .7s var(--ease); }
.reveal.is-visible { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    .reveal { opacity: 1 !important; transform: none !important; }
    html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
    * { transition: none !important; }
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- responsive */
@media (max-width: 960px) {
    .hero__inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .hero__figure { display: none; }
    .feature { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .grid--4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
    .person-grid:not(.person-grid--solo) { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
    .site-footer__inner { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
    .stanford-global-footer__inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .stanford-global-footer__logo img { height: 38px; }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
    .nav-toggle { display: flex; }
    .primary-nav {
        position: absolute; top: calc(84px + var(--stanford-identity-height)); left: 0; right: 0;
        background: var(--bg); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
        max-height: 0; overflow: hidden; transition: max-height .3s var(--ease);
        box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    }
    .primary-nav.is-open { max-height: 75vh; }
    .primary-nav ul { flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; gap: 0; padding: .5rem 1rem 1rem; }
    .primary-nav a { padding: .85rem .5rem; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); }
    .primary-nav a.is-active::after { display: none; }

    .grid--2, .grid--3, .grid--4 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .person-grid:not(.person-grid--solo) { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .stat-strip { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 1.25rem; }
    .cta-band { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .cta-band::after { display: none; }
    .pub { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: .5rem; }
    .pub__year { font-size: 1.3rem; }
    .site-footer__meta { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: .35rem; }
    .site-footer__sep { display: none; }
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
    .person-grid--solo .person {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: .75rem;
    }
    .person-grid--solo .person__avatar {
        flex: 0 0 auto;
        width: 12rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
    .stanford-global-footer__links { flex-direction: column; gap: .5rem; }
}